Khalq Af 39-al Al-ibad English Pdf May 2026

Khalq Af’al al-Ibad (The Creation of the Actions of Servants) is a foundational theological work by Imam Muhammad ibn Isma’il al-Bukhari (d. 256H), the author of Sahih al-Bukhari. Written during a period of intense theological debate, the book serves as a robust refutation of the Jahmiyyah sect and other groups regarding the nature of human actions and Allah's attributes. Key Themes & Significance

Createdness of Human Actions: Imam al-Bukhari meticulously proves that while Allah is the Creator of everything, the physical movements and voices of humans are created (makhlūq).

The Uncreated Qur'an: He clarifies the distinction between the created human voice used to recite and the uncreated Speech of Allah (the Qur'an itself), refuting those who claimed the recitation makes the Qur'an created.

Divine Attributes: The text affirms Allah’s attributes such as His Speech, Highness, and Ascending (Nuzool), providing over 660 narrations from the Companions and early predecessors (Salaf).

Historical Impact: The book was so influential that historically, scholars like Imam al-Mizzi were reportedly imprisoned for reading its chapters in public mosques due to the sensitivity of its refutations. Accessing the English Translation

While the full classical Arabic text is widely available, complete English translations are often found in specialized academic or religious PDF collections:

English Analysis & Partial Translation: You can find a critical analysis and translated excerpts on Scribd.

Academic Summaries: Research papers and summary PDFs detailing the book’s creed are available via Mission Islam.

Physical/Digital Copies: Publishers like the Salafi Bookstore and SifatuSafwa stock verified editions of the text. Khalq Af'aal al-'Ibaad by Imam al-Bukhari - SifatuSafwa

* Muhammad ibn AbdelWahhab (1206H) Al-Akbari (616H) Muhammad ibn AbdelWahhab (1206H) Ibn Qasim An-Najdi (1392H) Adh-Dhahabi (748H) SifatuSafwa

Khalq afʿāl al-ʿIbād: A Critical Analysis | PDF | God In Islam

Khalq Af’al al-Ibad The Creation of the Actions of Servants Imam al-Bukhari is a seminal work on Islamic creed ( ). It was written primarily to refute the

and other deviant groups by affirming that while Allah is the Creator of everything, the specific actions of human beings are also created by Him. Salafi Bookstore UK Core Themes and Contents The work contains approximately 664 reports from the early generations (

), including the Companions and their Followers, accompanied by chains of transmission. Salafi Bookstore UK Refutation of the Jahmiyyah: The first chapter outlines the position of Ahlus-Sunnah

regarding the Jahmiyyah sect and addresses the ruling of apostasy ( ) for those who follow its ideology. The Createdness of Actions:

In the second chapter, Imam al-Bukhari proves that human actions are created, directly answering the suspicions and arguments raised by heterodox groups. Allah's Attributes: The book affirms critical divine attributes, including Allah's Speech , His Highness ( ), and His Descending ( The Pre-Decree:

It provides foundational proofs for the correct belief regarding divine pre-ordinance ( Salafi Bookstore UK English PDF Resources

While the full Arabic text is widely available, English translations are often found as part of scholarly articles or specific creed compilations: Analytical Summaries: Scribd PDF: Khalq afʿāl al-ʿIbād: A Critical Analysis

provides a detailed breakdown of the book's arguments and specific narrations. Scholarly Context:

You can find historical context regarding the book's use in theological debates in this

Archive.org PDF: Imam al-Mizzi and the Khalq of Imam al-Bukhari Excerpts on Creed:

General overviews of Imam al-Bukhari's creed, including excerpts from this work, are available through Mission Islam

For a printed English edition, you can check retailers like the Salafi Bookstore SifatuSafwa from this book?

خلق أفعال العباد والرد على الجهمية وأهل التعطيل - Salafi Bookstore UK

The text you are looking for is likely " Khalq Af'al al-Ibad

" (Creation of the Actions of Servants) by Imam al-Bukhari. This classical work addresses theological issues regarding the nature of human actions and the Qur'an.

While a complete, single-file English PDF of the entire book can be difficult to find through standard retailers, you can access substantial portions, critical analyses, and English translations of the creed mentioned in the book through the following sources: Online Access & PDFs

Critical Analysis & Partial Text: A document containing a critical analysis and translated segments of Khalq Af'al al-Ibad is available on Scribd .

Creed of Imam Bukhari: The core theological positions and quotes from the book are summarized and translated on platforms like Darul Tahqiq , which discusses the "Creed of Imam Bukhari and the Salaf."

Historical Context: For background on the book's impact on Islamic scholarship, you can read about the work's historical significance on Archive.org . Key Themes of the Book khalq af 39-al al-ibad english pdf

Creation of Actions: It explores the belief that while humans perform actions, Allah is the ultimate Creator of those actions.

Status of the Qur'an: It defends the orthodox position that the Qur'an is the uncreated Word of Allah, specifically addressing the "Mihna" (Inquisition) period.

Refutation of Sects: The text serves as a refutation against the Jahmiyyah and Mu'tazilah sects regarding their views on the Attributes of Allah and the nature of the Qur'an.

Khalq Af'al al-Ibad (The Creation of the Actions of Servants) is a major theological work by Imam al-Bukhari (d. 256H), the author of the most authentic collection of Hadith. While he is primarily known for his Hadith scholarship, this treatise highlights his contributions to early Sunni theology and creed (Aqidah). Core Purpose and Historical Context

The book was written during a period of intense theological debate to refute the Jahmiyyah sect and other groups regarding the nature of human actions and the attributes of Allah. It was particularly authored during a trial where Imam al-Bukhari himself was falsely accused of adopting certain Jahmiyyah errors. Key Features and Contents

The work is structured as a collection of narrations and scholarly commentary:

Theological Refutations: It systematically refutes the Jahmiyyah on issues such as the Attributes of Allah (Speech, Highness, and Nuzool).

Creation of Human Actions: A primary focus is proving that while Allah is the Creator of all things, the specific actions of servants are created, distinguishing between the uncreated Speech of Allah (the Quran) and the created voice and movement of the reciter.

Extensive Narrations: It contains approximately 664 reports with chains of transmission, including sayings from the Companions (Sahaba) and their followers (Tabi'in).

Foundational Source: It serves as a critical historical record of the early Sunni position (Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah) against various innovations.

Author's Commentary: Unlike a standard Hadith collection, it includes Imam al-Bukhari’s own detailed replies to theological doubts and his interpretations of the referenced texts. Resources and Availability

While the original text is in Arabic, various translated summaries and creedal excerpts are available:

English Summaries: Research and theological articles on platforms like Darul Tahqiq and ResearchGate provide thematic breakdowns of the work.

Full Printed Editions: Academic versions and hardcovers are often available through retailers such as SifatuSafwa or the Salafi Bookstore.

Digital Formats: Occasional excerpts or creedal PDFs can be found on sites like Archive.org. If you would like, I can help you find:

Specific English excerpts from the text regarding the attributes of Allah. Related works by Imam al-Bukhari on Islamic creed.

A biography of the author and his role in the "Createdness of the Quran" controversy.

Khalq Af’al al-Ibad (The Creation of Human Actions) is a foundational theological treatise written by Imam Muhammad ibn Isma’il al-Bukhari (d. 256H), the world-renowned compiler of Sahih al-Bukhari

. While often overshadowed by his hadith compendium, this work is a critical defense of early Sunni creed (

) against the rationalist and heterodox movements of his time, specifically the Salafi Bookstore UK Core Themes and Objectives The Nature of Human Actions

: The book primarily argues that while humans possess the will to act, their actions are ultimately created by Allah. Refutation of the Jahmiyyah

: Al-Bukhari rigorously opposes the Jahmiyyah sect, particularly their denial of Allah's attributes and their views on the "createdness" of the Quran. Affirmation of Divine Attributes

: The text affirms specific attributes of Allah, such as His being above the Throne ( ), His speech, and His "descent" ( ), while strictly avoiding physical anthropomorphism ( SifatuSafwa Book Structure and Content The work is composed of approximately 664 reports

accompanied by al-Bukhari's own chains of transmission. Its logical progression includes: Salafi Bookstore UK Stance on Innovators : Establishing the position of Ahl al-Sunnah

toward the Jahmiyyah and the consequences of adopting their ideology. Creation of Man's Deeds

: Proof that human movement and voices are created, distinguishing between the of recitation (created) and the of Allah being recited (uncreated). Preservation of Salaf Sayings

: It serves as a historical repository for the theological statements of the Companions ( ) and their immediate followers. SifatuSafwa Historical Significance The Trial of al-Bukhari

: The Imam authored this during a period of intense theological scrutiny, where he himself was accused by some of falling into the very errors he sought to refute regarding the recitation of the Quran. The al-Mizzi Incident

: Centuries later, the book remained controversial. In 712 AH, the scholar al-Hafiz al-Mizzi Khalq Af’al al-Ibad (The Creation of the Actions

was briefly imprisoned for reading chapters from this book aloud in the Umayyad Mosque, as certain groups felt targeted by its refutations. Salafi Bookstore UK Availability

You can find digital versions and physical copies through various academic and religious retailers: Digital PDFs

: Scholarly analyses and partial translations are available on platforms like Archive.org Physical Prints

: Annotated editions verified from multiple manuscripts can be purchased from SifatuSafwa Salafi Bookstore theological arguments

al-Bukhari uses to distinguish between the Quran and its recitation? Khalq Af'aal al-'Ibaad by Imam al-Bukhari - SifatuSafwa

Given the difficulty in pinpointing the exact document or paper you're referring to, I'll offer a few suggestions on how to proceed:

  1. Re-check the Title and Author: Ensure that the title "Khalq Af 39-al Al-Ibad" and any associated author or publication details are correct. A small mistake in the title or spelling could make it difficult to locate.

  2. Translation: If "Khalq Af 39-al Al-Ibad" is not in English, consider providing a translation or more context about what it pertains to. This could help in identifying the work.

  3. Academic Databases and Digital Libraries: Utilize academic databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, or specific digital libraries that might host such documents. You can also check online libraries like the Internet Archive (archive.org) for less common or older texts.

  4. Islamic and Arabic Literature Resources: Since the title suggests an Arabic origin or topic, looking into resources dedicated to Islamic studies or Arabic literature might yield results. Libraries or databases focusing on these areas could provide access to the document you're seeking.

  5. Request through Interlibrary Loan Services: If you have access to a university library or a public library with interlibrary loan services, you can ask them to help locate the document. They may be able to find it or suggest where it could be available.

  6. Contact Specialists or Scholars: Reaching out to scholars or specialists in Islamic studies, Arabic literature, or related fields might provide leads on where to find the document or information about it.

If you have any more details or a specific field of study related to "Khalq Af 39-al Al-Ibad," providing them could help narrow down the search.

Khalq Af’al al-Ibad (The Createdness of the Actions of Servants) is a foundational theological work by Imam al-Bukhari (d. 256H), the author of Sahih al-Bukhari. The book is a primary source for understanding early Sunni creed (Aqidah) and was written specifically to refute the beliefs of the Jahmiyyah sect and other groups regarding the nature of human actions and the speech of Allah. Core Content & Themes

The work consists of approximately 664 reports, including Ahadith and narrations from the Salaf (the Companions and their followers). It is structured to address specific theological disputes of the time:

Refutation of the Jahmiyyah: The book begins by outlining the position of Ahlus-Sunnah regarding the Jahmiyyah sect, including the ruling of takfir (excommunication) for those who hold their extremist views.

The Createdness of Human Actions: A central theme is the proof that while Allah is the Creator of all things, the specific actions of human beings are created. This was a direct response to groups who confused the uncreated nature of Allah's attributes with the created nature of human performance.

Affirmation of Divine Attributes: Imam al-Bukhari uses the text to affirm Allah's attributes, such as His Speech, Highness (al-’Uluw), and His Descending (Nuzool), in a manner that suits His Majesty.

The Nature of the Qur'an: The book clarifies that the Qur'an is the uncreated Speech of Allah, but the human voice and the movement of the tongue used to recite it are created. Historical Significance

Defense Against Innovation: It is considered one of the earliest "books of Sunnah" written to protect the orthodox creed from heretical innovations.

Trial of Imam al-Bukhari: The book was authored during a period of trial (Mihna) where the Imam himself was falsely accused by some of holding Jahmi beliefs; this work served as his clear defense and clarification of his true creed.

Traditional Preservation: It preserves a massive collection of sayings from early Islamic scholars that might otherwise have been lost, providing a "road map" for how the early generations responded to theological doubts. Finding the English PDF

While the original text is in Arabic, researchers and students often look for English summaries or full translations to study early Aqidah.

Full Translations: You can find digitized versions or purchase physical copies from specialized retailers like the Salafi Bookstore or view previews on platforms like Google Books.

Academic Analysis: Detailed critical analyses and excerpts in PDF format are occasionally available on academic sharing sites like Scribd. Khalq Af'aal al-'Ibaad by Imam al-Bukhari - SifatuSafwa

Khalq Af’al al-Ibad (The Creation of the Acts of Servants) is a significant theological work by Imam Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari (d. 256 AH/870 CE), the author of Sahih al-Bukhari

. This book specifically addresses early Islamic creed and refutes the Jahmiyyah sect. SifatuSafwa English PDF Resources

While the complete text is traditionally studied in Arabic, several English-language analytical works and partial translations are available online: Analytical Reports

: You can find a detailed critical analysis and research on the book's themes as a PDF on Scribd Thematic Summaries Darul Tahqiq Re-check the Title and Author : Ensure that

provides articles that translate and analyze the creedal points and Salaf quotes found within the text. Historical Context : A report on Imam al-Mizzi’s incarceration regarding this specific book is available on the Internet Archive Darul Tahqiq Core Content & Themes

The work is a collection of 664 reports containing Hadiths and sayings of the Salaf (early scholars). Its primary focuses include: Salafi Bookstore UK Createdness of Human Actions

: Refuting the Jahmiyyah by proving that while Allah creates all things, human actions are distinct "created" acts performed by the servant. The Uncreated Speech of Allah

: Affirming that the Quran is the uncreated speech of Allah, while the human voice and recitation are created. Divine Attributes

: Defending the orthodox Sunni position on Allah's attributes, such as His Speech, Highness, and Istiwa (rising over the Throne). Refutation of Innovation

: Providing a methodological framework for responding to heterodox groups of that era. SifatuSafwa Historical Significance Khalq af'al al Ibad - Darul Tahqiq

Introduction

Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad is a significant theological concept in Islam, particularly in the Ibadi branch. The term "Khalq" refers to creation, and "Al Al-Ibad" means "the people of Ibadiyyah." This concept revolves around the Ibadi perspective on the creation of humans and the role of Allah (God) in it.

Understanding Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad

The Ibadi school of thought, which emerged in the 8th century CE, emphasizes the idea that humans are created by Allah, but with a significant difference from other Islamic denominations. Ibadis believe that Allah created humans with a specific purpose: to worship and obey Him. However, Ibadis also emphasize human free will and responsibility.

Key Principles

The concept of Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad is built on several key principles:

  1. Allah as the Creator: Ibadis affirm that Allah is the sole creator of the universe, including humans.
  2. Human Free Will: Ibadis believe that humans have the freedom to choose between good and evil, and are accountable for their actions.
  3. Purpose of Creation: According to Ibadis, humans were created to worship and obey Allah, and to live a life of righteousness.

The Ibadi Perspective on Human Creation

In Ibadi theology, human creation is seen as a deliberate act of Allah, aimed at populating the earth with righteous individuals who would worship and serve Him. Ibadis believe that humans are endowed with reason, intellect, and the capacity for moral discernment, enabling them to distinguish between right and wrong.

Significance of Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad

The concept of Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad has significant implications for Ibadi theology and practice:

  1. Theology: It underscores the Ibadi understanding of Allah as the creator and the purpose of human creation.
  2. Ethics: It emphasizes the importance of human responsibility and accountability for one's actions.
  3. Spirituality: It highlights the Ibadi focus on worship, obedience, and living a righteous life.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad is a pivotal concept in Ibadi theology, which highlights the creation of humans by Allah, human free will, and the purpose of creation. Understanding this concept provides valuable insights into the Ibadi perspective on the human condition, the role of Allah, and the importance of living a righteous life.

References

For further reading and research, here are some recommended references:

Glossary

This guide provides a basic overview of the concept of Khalq Af 39-Al Al-Ibad. For a more comprehensive understanding, it is recommended to consult the references provided.

1. The 10 Proofs (Adillah)

Al-Bukhari lists approximately 10 categorical proofs from the Qur’an and Sunnah that Allah is the sole Creator of all actions. Example: “Allah has created you and that which you do” (Qur’an 37:96).

What You Are Actually Looking For:

When you search for "khalq af 39-al al-ibad english pdf", you are likely seeking one of three documents:

  1. Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Tawhid (Book 97), Chapter 39 – The English translation by Muhsin Khan (Darussalam).
  2. Imam al-Bukhari’s separate treatise “Khalq Af’al al-‘Ibad wa ’Radd ‘ala al-Jahmiyyah wa Ashab al-Ta‘til” – Translated into English by unknown or academic publishers.
  3. Fath al-Bari (Commentary on Sahih al-Bukhari) – Volume 13 – Explanatory notes on these specific chapters.

English Translations Available

As of 2026, there is no official, widely published standalone English translation of Khalq Af‘āl al-‘Ibād in print from major publishers. However, you can find:

  1. Unpublished or partial translations – Some students of knowledge and Islamic research sites have produced draft translations. These are often shared as PDFs on academic or Islamic forums (e.g., Internet Archive, Academia.edu, or Sunni theology groups).
  2. Excerpts in English – The book’s arguments are summarized in works like:
    • The Creed of Imam al-Bukhari by Dr. Muhammad al-Khumayyis.
    • Sharh al-‘Aqidah al-Tahawiyyah (commentaries sometimes reference al-Bukhari’s treatise).
  3. Arabic + English side-by-side PDF – Some online repositories (e.g., Archive.org) may have scanned manuscripts with handwritten English notes, but no professional translation exists.

Why This Book Matters Today

The debate over divine creation vs. human autonomy continues in modern Islamic theology. Al-Bukhari’s approach preserves both:

It refutes both:

Khalq Af’al al-‘Ibad: An Analysis of al-Bukhari’s Treatise on Human Action

Introduction

In the study of Islamic theology (Aqeedah), few topics have generated as much discussion and debate as the relationship between divine predestination (Qadar) and human free will. Among the most significant historical texts addressing this delicate balance is Khalq Af’al al-‘Ibad (The Creation of the Actions of the Servants).

Attributed to the illustrious Imam Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Bukhari (d. 256 AH), this treatise serves as a foundational document for the Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah, specifically the Athari (traditionalist) school of thought. This article explores the book’s content, its historical context, and its relevance to English-speaking students of knowledge seeking a PDF understanding of the text.

3. The Problem of Evil (Sharr)

A major section deals with: “If Allah creates all acts, does He create evil?” Al-Bukhari argues that evil is a creation of Allah but is not attributed to Him as an attribute; rather, evil is a relational matter (e.g., pain, disbelief) that serves a greater divine wisdom.