Programming a Lishui e-bike controller involves using proprietary or open-source software to modify motor performance, battery management, and rider assistance settings. The process typically requires a specialized USB programming device Bluetooth adapter to interface with the controller’s hardware. www.pedelecs.co.uk Core Programming Methods LSH File Downloader : The official tool from Lishui Electronics used to flash firmware files (with the extension). It includes a "secret" menu for File Conversion
(converting hex to .LSH) by clicking the "Clear Info" button multiple times. Bluetooth App Programming
: Some newer controllers or those equipped with a Bluetooth adapter can be configured via a smartphone app (iOS/Android), allowing users to adjust settings through a simplified interface. Open-Source Firmware (EBiCS) : For advanced users, projects like EBiCS_Firmware on GitHub
provide free Field Oriented Control (FOC) firmware that enables extensive customization, such as adding regenerative braking or torque sensor support. Key Programmable Features
Programming allows you to fine-tune the following parameters: Motor Performance
Current limits, speed limits, torque simulation, and startup acceleration. Battery Management
Voltage cutoff bases (e.g., 31.5V for 36V batteries) and under-voltage protection. Pedal Assist (PAS)
PAS type (left/right mounting), number of magnets, and assist pulse delay. Riding Strategy
Selection between "Normal" or "Current Simulation" modes to change how power is delivered. Hardware Requirements Program Downloader
To program a Lishui controller, you typically use a dedicated USB programmer and the official LSH_File_Update_Tools software. This allows you to flash firmware files (with a .lsh extension) or adjust critical parameters like current and voltage limits. 🛠️ Hardware Requirements
Lishui USB Programmer: A specialized stick that connects your PC to the controller's display port. lishui controller programming
Connection Cable: Typically a 5-pin extension or adapter cable.
Computer: Running Windows to host the Lishui programming software. 💻 Software Setup
Install Drivers: Run the device driver installer provided by Lishui before plugging in the USB stick.
Verify Connection: Open the programming software; the "Ports" area should show a COM number (e.g., COM3) if the driver is correctly installed.
Load Firmware: Click "Local File" to select your .lsh firmware file.
Tip: Uncheck "Keep Current Settings" if you want to manually adjust max current or undervoltage limits before flashing. ⚡ The Programming Process
Power Source: Newer USB programmers (post-2015) often use "USB boost power" and don't require the e-bike battery during flashing. Older versions require you to switch on the battery power after hitting the program button. Flash Action: Press Program (F5) to begin the upload.
Completion: Once finished, power cycle the controller (turn the display off and on) to save and activate the new settings permanently. 🔓 Advanced Customization
Open Source Firmware: For deep customization (like Sine Wave/FOC control), some users flash EBiCS/EBiCS_Firmware from GitHub using an STLink V2 instead of the standard USB tool.
Hidden Menus: On some Lishui-compatible LCDs, holding "+" and "-" simultaneously enters a parameter menu (often P08 for speed limits). If you'd like to dive deeper, let me know: What is your specific controller model? (e.g., LSW1250) Part 7: Legal and Safety Considerations Lishui controller
Are you trying to increase speed, change PAS levels, or fix a bug? Do you have the USB programming stick?
Lishui Controller LSH Programmer User's Manual Hardware List
Programming a Lishui (LS) controller typically involves three levels: adjusting basic parameters via an LCD display, using the official Lishui software for firmware updates, or installing open-source firmware for advanced control. 1. Basic Parameter Setup (via Display)
Most Lishui-powered e-bikes use standard displays (like the SW900 or KT-LCD3) to modify system behavior without a computer. Accessing the Menu : Hold the UP and DOWN buttons simultaneously for 2-3 seconds. Key Parameters : System voltage (e.g., 36V, 48V). : Wheel diameter in inches (crucial for speed accuracy). : Speed limit (set to 100 for no limit). : Drive mode (0 = PAS only, 1 = Throttle only, 2 = Both). : Controller current limit in Amps. 2. Official Firmware Updates
Lishui provides a proprietary tool for flashing new firmware files (usually in Endless Sphere DIY EV Forum Required Hardware : A dedicated USB stick (FPS2)
or a USB-to-TTL adapter connected to the controller's display port. LSH File Update Tool Lishui Official Website
: Connect the RX/TX pins of the adapter to the TX/RX pins of the controller, select the
file, and power on the controller when prompted by the software. Endless Sphere DIY EV Forum 3. Advanced Open-Source Programming
For users wanting Field Oriented Control (FOC) or silent motor operation, open-source alternatives are available on GitHub. EBiCS Firmware
: A popular FOC firmware that supports Bafang and Kunteng displays. Flexible OpenSource Firmware Checklist before programming:
: Provides high efficiency and custom torque/speed control modes. Hardware for Flashing : These typically require an ST-Link V2
programmer because you are overwriting the original STM32-based chip firmware rather than just updating parameters. Summary of Connection Pins
When making a custom programming cable, use the standard 5-pin display connector pinout: (Red): Battery Positive (Blue): Lock/Signal Wire (Black): Ground (Green): Receive (Yellow): Transmit Are you trying to unlock the speed limit reflash the entire firmware for better motor performance?
If you’ve ever opened up an electric scooter or a commuter e-bike, chances are you’ve seen a Lishui controller. These compact, robust units are everywhere—from Ninebot (non-Segway) budget models to generic OEM scooters.
But here’s the catch: Lishui controllers are notoriously locked down from the factory. Programming them isn’t like tweaking a VESC. You need the right tools, software, and a bit of patience.
In this guide, I’ll walk through what works, what doesn’t, and how to safely adjust parameters on a Lishui controller.
Lishui controller programming is legal for off-road use, private property, and racing. However:
Fire Safety: Over-programming (e.g., 25A on a 12A-rated controller) overheats MOSFETs. When they fail, they often fail "shorted," sending full battery voltage to the motor—which leads to a runaway condition and potential thermal event. Always fuse your battery at 1.25x your programmed current limit.
Checklist before programming: